Explanation should include the concepts that
- a complex system cannot be divided into its subsystems and still function; it often produces adaptive behavior
- the complex system exhibits complex behavior as a result of the interconnectivity of its subsystems (e.g., queuing, biological, computer-integrated manufacturing, transportation systems)
- relations and interactions are often highly non-linear so that small changes in the input can produce large changes in the outcome.
Process/Skill Questions:
- Why are different models needed for different systems?
- What is the purpose of feedback within a complex system?
- How can simple models accurately describe complex systems? Provide examples.
- Why is it difficult to repeatedly produce precise results in complex systems?